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an important notice at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications, intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. unless otherwise noted, this document contains production data. drv10974 slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 drv10974 12-v, three-phase, sensorless bldc motor driver 1 1 features 1 ? input voltage range: 4.4 v to 18 v ? total driver h + l r ds(on) 750 m (typical) at t a = 25 c ? phase drive current: 1-a continuous (1.5-a peak) ? 180 sinusoidal commutation for optimal acoustic performance ? resistor-configurable lead angle ? resistor-configurable current limit ? soft start with resistor-configurable acceleration profile ? built-in current sense to eliminate external current-sense resistor ? proprietary sensorless control without motor center tap ? simple user interface: ? one-pin configuration for start-up ? pwm input designates magnitude of voltage applied to motor ? open-drain fg output provides speed feedback ? pin for forward and reverse control ? fully protected: ? motor-lock detect and restart ? overcurrent, short-circuit, overtemperature, undervoltage 2 applications ? white goods ? fans, blowers, and pumps ? bldc motor module 3 description the drv10974 device is a three-phase sensorless motor driver with integrated power mosfets, which can provide continuous drive current up to 1 a (rms). the device is designed for cost-sensitive, low-noise, and low-external-component-count applications. the drv10974 device uses a proprietary sensorless control scheme to provide dependable commutation. the 180 sinusoidal commutation significantly reduces pure tone acoustics that are typical with 120 (trapezoidal) commutation. the drv10974 spin-up is configured using a single external low-power resistor. the current limit can be set by an external low-power resistor. the drv10974 device provides for simple control of motor speed by applying a pwm input to control the magnitude of the drive voltage, or by driving the pwm pin with an analog voltage and monitoring the fg pin for speed feedback. the drv10974 device includes a number of features to improve efficiency. the resistor-configurable lead angle allows the user to optimize the driver efficiency by aligning the phase current and the phase bemf. in addition, the use of low-r ds(on) mosfets helps to conserve power while the motor is being driven. device information (1) part number package body size (nom) drv10974 htssop (16) 5.00 mm 4.40 mm wqfn (16) adv. info. 4.00 mm 4.00 mm (1) for all available packages, see the orderable addendum at the end of the data sheet. application schematic productfolder drv10974 180 sensorless sinusoidal pwm fg 4.4 v to 18 v v m w u copyright ? 2017, texas instruments incorporated fr current limit accel profile lead angle vcp support &community tools & software technical documents ordernow referencedesign
2 drv10974 slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 www.ti.com product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated table of contents 1 features .................................................................. 1 2 applications ........................................................... 1 3 description ............................................................. 1 4 revision history ..................................................... 2 5 pin configuration and functions ......................... 4 6 specifications ......................................................... 5 6.1 absolute maximum ratings ...................................... 5 6.2 esd ratings .............................................................. 6 6.3 recommended operating conditions ....................... 6 6.4 thermal information .................................................. 6 6.5 electrical characteristics ........................................... 6 6.6 typical characteristics ............................................ 10 7 detailed description ............................................ 11 7.1 overview ................................................................. 11 7.2 functional block diagram ....................................... 12 7.3 feature description ................................................. 12 7.4 device functional modes ........................................ 18 8 application and implementation ........................ 23 8.1 application information ............................................ 23 8.2 typical application .................................................. 23 9 power supply recommendations ...................... 25 10 layout ................................................................... 25 10.1 layout guidelines ................................................. 25 10.2 layout example .................................................... 25 11 device and documentation support ................. 26 11.1 device support .................................................... 26 11.2 receiving notification of documentation updates 26 11.3 community resources .......................................... 26 11.4 trademarks ........................................................... 26 11.5 electrostatic discharge caution ............................ 26 11.6 glossary ................................................................ 26 12 mechanical, packaging, and orderable information ........................................................... 26 4 revision history changes from revision a (april 2018) to revision b page ? added wqfn package to the device information table......................................................................................................... 1 ? added pinout drawing for the wqfn package ....................................................................................................................... 4 ? added a column to the pin functions table for the wqfn package, and added the type column ..................................... 5 ? added a column to the thermal information table for the vqfn package ............................................................................ 6 ? changed r ds(on) vs. temperature graph to include v cc condition ......................................................................................... 10 ? changed speed-control transfer function figure to clearly show when the device enters and exits low power mode .... 14 ? updated lock bemf abnormal text for clarity ..................................................................................................................... 16 ? changed detailed design procedure to cover the high level tuning process of the rmp, adv, and cs settings. ............. 24 changes from original (january 2018) to revision a page ? added or changed several bullets in the features list .......................................................................................................... 1 ? changed text in the third paragraph of the description section ............................................................................................. 1 ? added parameter symbol (f pwm_out ) to the 25-khz pwm signal .......................................................................................... 12 ? added parameter symbol (f pwm_out ) to the 25-khz pwm signal .......................................................................................... 13 ? added parameter symbol (dc step ) for the control resolution ............................................................................................... 13 ? added parameter symbol (dc on_min ) for the minimum-operation duty cycle ....................................................................... 14 ? changed " pulse durations " to " duty cycles " .......................................................................................................................... 14 ? changed pwm dc to pwm dc ................................................................................................................................................. 14 ? added parameter symbol (f fg_min ) for the motor speed ....................................................................................................... 15 ? changed the number of lock-detect schemes from five to six ............................................................................................. 15 ? added a table note stating the required resistor tolerance ................................................................................................... 17 ? added a new initial speed detect section ............................................................................................................................ 19 ? added a parameter symbol (t align ) in the align section, and reworded the last sentence thereof ...................................... 19 ? changed the column headings of the two rightmost columns in table 2 ............................................................................. 20 ? added three table notes following table 2 ........................................................................................................................... 20 ? changed " programmed resistor " to " selected resistor " ........................................................................................................ 20
3 drv10974 www.ti.com slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated ? added a table note stating the required resistor tolerance ................................................................................................... 21 ? added a table note stating the required resistor tolerance ................................................................................................... 22 ? added a 30% tolerance to the v1p8 capacitor in table 5 ................................................................................................. 23 ? changed content of row 4 in table 6 to " motor electrical constant " ................................................................................... 24 ? deleted all previous content from the detailed design procedure section and replaced it with a reference to the drv10974 tuning guide ..................................................................................................................................................... 24 ? changed figure 19 .............................................................................................................................................................. 24 ? added location information for the capacitor in the power supply recommendations section ........................................... 25 ? added the device support section ....................................................................................................................................... 26
4 drv10974 slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 www.ti.com product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated 5 pin configuration and functions pwp powerpad ? package 16-pin htssop with exposed thermal pad top view nc ? no internal connection rum package 16-pin wqfn with exposed thermal pad top view nc ? no internal connection advance information 16 fr 5 gnd 1 fg 12 vcc 15 adv 6 cs 2 pwm 11 w 14 gnd 7 pgnd 3 v1p8 10 v 13 vcp 8 nc 4 rmp 9 u not to scale thermal pad 1 adv 16 gnd 2 fr 15 vcp 3 fg 14 v cc 4 pwm 13 w 5 v1p8 12 v 6 rmp 11 u 7 gnd 10 pgnd 8 cs 9 nc not to scale thermal pad
5 drv10974 www.ti.com slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated (1) advance information pin functions pin i/o type (1) description name. no. htssop wqfn (1) adv 1 15 i d selects the applied lead angle by 1/8-w resistor; not to be driven externally with a source; leaving the pin open results in the longest lead angle; the lead angle is determined by the adv pin voltage at power up. cs 8 6 i d selects current limit by 1/8-w resistor; not to be driven externally with a source; leaving the pin open results in the highest current limit; the current limit is determined by the cs pin voltage at power up. fg 3 1 o d provides motor speed feedback; open-drain output with internal pullup to v3p3; needs a pullup resistor to limit current if pullup voltage is higher than v3p3 fr 2 16 i d direction control. fr = 0: u v w; fr = 1: u w v; value is determined by the fr pin state on exit of low-power mode; internal pulldown gnd 7, 16 5, 14 ? ? digital and analog ground nc 9 8 ? nc no internal connection pgnd 10 7 ? p power ground connection for motor power pwm 4 2 i d motor speed-control input; auto detect for analog or digital mode; internal pullup to 2.2 v rmp 6 4 i d acceleration ramp-rate control; 1/8-w resistor to gnd to set acceleration rate; leaving the pin open results in the slowest acceleration rate; the acceleration rate is determined by the rmp pin voltage at power up. u 11 9 i/o a motor phase u v 12 10 i/o a motor phase v v1p8 5 3 o p ldo regulator for internal operation; 1- f, 6.3-v ceramic capacitor tied to gnd. can supply a maximum of 3 ma to an extenal load. v cc 14 12 i p power-supply connection; 10- f, 25-v ceramic capacitor tied to gnd vcp 15 13 o a charge-pump output; 100-nf, 10-v ceramic capacitor tied to v cc w 13 11 i/o a motor phase w thermal pad ? ? ? ? the exposed thermal pad must be electrically connected to the ground plane by soldering to the pcb for proper operation, and connected to the bottom side of the pcb through vias for better thermal spreading. (1) stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress ratings only, which do not imply functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under recommended operating conditions . exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 6 specifications 6.1 absolute maximum ratings over operating ambient temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (1) min max unit pin voltage v cc ? 0.3 20 v pwm, fr ? 0.3 5.5 cs, rmp, adv ? 0.3 2 gnd, pgnd ? 0.3 0.3 u, v, w ? 1 20 v1p8 ? 0.3 2 fg ? 0.3 20 vcp ? 0.3 v cc + 5.5 maximum junction temperature, t j max ? 40 150 c storage temperature, t stg ? 55 150 c
6 drv10974 slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 www.ti.com product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated (1) jedec document jep155 states that 500-v hbm allows safe manufacturing with a standard esd control process. (2) jedec document jep157 states that 250-v cdm allows safe manufacturing with a standard esd control process. 6.2 esd ratings value unit v (esd) electrostatic discharge human-body model (hbm), per ansi/esda/jedec js-001 (1) 1000 v charged-device model (cdm), per jedec specification jesd22-c101 (2) 500 6.3 recommended operating conditions over operating ambient temperature range (unless otherwise noted) min nom max unit supply voltage v cc 4.4 18 v voltage u, v, w ? 0.7 18 v pwm, fr ? 0.1 5.5 fg 0.5 18 cs ? 0.1 1.8 pgnd, gnd ? 0.1 0.1 rmp, adv ? 0.1 1.8 current v1p8 regulator-output current; external load 0 3 ma operating ambient temperature, t a ? 40 85 c operating junction temperature, t j ? 40 125 c (1) for more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see semiconductor and ic package thermal metrics . (2) advance information 6.4 thermal information thermal metric (1) drv10974 unit pwp (htssop) rum (vqfn) (2) 16 pins 16 pins r ja junction-to-ambient thermal resistance 37.8 34.5 c/w r jc(top) junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance 25.2 27 c/w r jb junction-to-board thermal resistance 20.7 13.3 c/w jt junction-to-top characterization parameter 0.7 0.3 c/w jb junction-to-board characterization parameter 20.5 13.3 c/w r jc(bot) junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance 1.9 4 c/w 6.5 electrical characteristics t a = ? 40 to 85 (unless otherwise noted) parameter test conditions min typ max unit supply current i cc supply current t a = 25 c, v cc = 12 v, no motor load 5 7 ma i cc(lp) low power mode t a = 25 c, v cc = 12 v 380 a uvlo v (uvlo_f) v cc uvlo falling 4.2 4.3 4.4 v v (uvlo_r) v cc uvlo rising 4.5 4.7 4.85 v v hys(uvlo) v cc uvlo hysteresis 400 mv v vcp(uvlo_f) charge pump uvlo falling v vcp ? v cc 3.35 3.7 4.05 v v vcp(uvlo_r) charge pump uvlo rising v vcp ? v cc 3.65 4.0 4.37 v v hys(vcp) charge pump uvlo hysteresis 330 mv v (v1p8_f) v1p8 uvlo falling 1.25 1.4 1.55 v v (v1p8_r) v1p8 uvlo rising 1.35 1.5 1.65 v v hys(v1p8) v1p8 uvlo hysteresis 100 mv
7 drv10974 www.ti.com slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated electrical characteristics (continued) t a = ? 40 to 85 (unless otherwise noted) parameter test conditions min typ max unit voltage regulators v v1p8 v1p8 voltage t a = 25 c, c (v1p8) = 1 f 1.7 1.8 1.9 v i v1p8 maximum external load from v1p8 t a = 25 c, c (v1p8) = 1 f 3 ma integrated mosfet r ds(on)_hs high-side fet on-resistance t a = 25 c, v cc = 12 v, i o = 100 ma 0.375 0.425 r ds(on)_ls low-side fet on-resistance t a = 25 c, v cc = 12 v, i o = 100 ma 0.375 0.425 phase driver sl ph_lh phase slew rate switching low to high slewrate = 0; measure 20% to 80%; vcc = 12 v; phase current > 20 ma 70 120 170 v/ s sl ph_hl phase slew rate switching high to low slewrate = 0; measure 80% to 20%; vcc = 12 v; phase current > 20 ma 70 120 170 v/ s f pwm_out phase output pwm frequency 25 khz t dead_time recommended dead time 440 ns charge pump v vcp vcp voltage v cc = 4.4 v to 18 v v cc + 4 v cc + 5 v cc + 5.5 v current limit i limit current-limit threshold v cc = 12 v, r (cs) = 7.32 k 1% 0.2 a v cc = 12 v, r (cs) = 16.2 k 1% 0.4 v cc = 12 v, r (cs) = 25.5 k 1% 0.6 v cc = 12 v, r (cs) = 38.3 k 1% 0.8 v cc = 12 v, r (cs) = 54.9 k 1% 1 v cc = 12 v, r (cs) = 80.6 k 1% 1.2 v cc = 12 v, r (cs) = 115 k 1% 1.4 v cc = 12 v, r (cs) = 182 k 1%, open loop and closed loop current limit 1.6 v cc = 12 v, r (cs) = 182 k 1%, align current limit 1.5 range of motors supported r m motor resistance measurement phase to center tap 1 20 k t motor bemf constant measurement phase to center tap 5 150 mv/hz t align motor align time 0.67 s
8 drv10974 slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 www.ti.com product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated electrical characteristics (continued) t a = ? 40 to 85 (unless otherwise noted) parameter test conditions min typ max unit pwm - digital mode v ih(dig) pwm input high voltage 2.2 v v il(dig) pwm input low voltage 0.6 v ? pwm pwm input frequency 0.1 100 khz dc max maximum output pwm duty cycle v vcc < 14 v 100 % v vcc 14 v [(14 / v vcc ) 100] % dc min minimum output pwm duty cycle device needs to guarantee (irrespective of input pwm dc) lower duty cycle from 15% down 15% dc on_min minimum input duty cycle that device uses to drive motor 1.5 % dc step duty cycle step size/resolution 0.2 % v ih(auto) pwm input high voltage for auto detection 1.62 1.695 1.77 v v il(auto) pwm input low voltage for exiting pwm mode 1.315 1.39 1.465 v r pu(pwm) internal pwm pullup resistor to v3p3 120 k low-power mode t (ex_lpm) pwm pulse duration to exit low-power mode pwm > v ih(dig) 1 s v (ex_lpm) pwm voltage to exit low-power mode 1.5 v t (en_lpm) pwm low time to enter low-power mode pwm < v il(dig); motor stationary 25 ms pwm - analog mode v ana_fs analog full-speed voltage 1.8 v v ana_zs analog zero-speed voltage 20 mv r out(pwm) external analog driver output impedance 50 k ? t sam analog speed sample period 320 s v ana_res analog voltage resolution 3.5 mv digital i/o (fg output, fr input) f fg_min minimum fg output frequency during coast 10 hz v ih(fr) input high 2.2 v v il(fr) input low 0.6 v i (fg_sink) output sink current, fg v o = 0.3 v 5 ma r pu(fg) internal fg pullup resistor to 3.3v 20 k r pd(fr) internal fr pulldown resistor to ground 100 k lock detection release time t (lock_off) lock release time 5 s overcurrent protection i oc_limit overcurrent protection t a = 25 c 2.5 a t oc_retry overcurrent protection retry time 5 s thermal shutdown t sd shutdown temperature threshold 140 150 c t sd(hys) shutdown temperature threshold hysteresis 15 c
9 drv10974 www.ti.com slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated electrical characteristics (continued) t a = ? 40 to 85 (unless otherwise noted) parameter test conditions min typ max unit lead angle adv select lead angle selection v cc = 12 v, r (adv) = 10.7 k 1% 10 s v cc = 12 v, r (adv) = 14.3 k 1% 25 v cc = 12 v, r (adv) = 17.8 k 1% 50 v cc = 12 v, r (adv) = 22.1 k 1% 100 v cc = 12 v, r (adv) = 28 k 1% 150 v cc = 12 v, r (adv) = 34 k 1% 200 v cc = 12 v, r (adv) = 41.2 k 1% 250 v cc = 12 v, r (adv) = 49.9 k 1% 300 v cc = 12 v, r (adv) = 59 k 1% 400 v cc = 12 v, r (adv) = 71.5 k 1% 500 v cc = 12 v, r (adv) = 86.6 k 1% 600 v cc = 12 v, r (adv) = 105 k 1% 700 v cc = 12 v, r (adv) = 124 k 1% 800 v cc = 12 v, r (adv) = 150 k 1% 900 v cc = 12 v, r (adv) = 182 k 1% 1000 acceleration ramp rate rmp select rmp selection for acceleration profile v cc = 12 v, r (rmp) = 7.32 k 1% 0 code v cc = 12 v, r (rmp) = 10.7 k 1% 1 v cc = 12 v, r (rmp) = 14.3 k 1% 2 v cc = 12 v, r (rmp) = 17.8 k 1% 3 v cc = 12 v, r (rmp) = 22.1 k 1% 4 v cc = 12 v, r (rmp) = 28 k 1% 5 v cc = 12 v, r (rmp) = 34 k 1% 6 v cc = 12 v, r (rmp) = 41.2 k 1% 7 v cc = 12 v, r (rmp) = 49.9 k 1% 8 v cc = 12 v, r (rmp) = 59 k 1% 9 v cc = 12 v, r (rmp) = 71.5 k 1% 10 v cc = 12 v, r (rmp) = 86.6 k 1% 11 v cc = 12 v, r (rmp) = 105 k 1% 12 v cc = 12 v, r (rmp) = 124 k 1% 13 v cc = 12 v, r (rmp) = 150 k 1% 14 v cc = 12 v, r (rmp) = 182 k 1% 15
10 drv10974 slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 www.ti.com product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated 6.6 typical characteristics figure 1. supply current vs power supply v cc = 12 v figure 2. r ds(on) vs temperature when v cc = 12 v temperature (c) r ds(on) ( : ) -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 d002 v cc (v) i cc (ma) 0 5 10 15 20 4.87 4.88 4.89 4.9 4.91 4.92 4.93 4.94 4.95 4.96 4.97 4.98 d001
11 drv10974 www.ti.com slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated 7 detailed description 7.1 overview the drv10974 device is a three-phase sensorless motor driver with integrated power mosfets, which provide drive-current capability up to 1 a continuous (rms). the device is specifically designed for low-noise, low external-component count, 12-v motor-drive applications. the 180 commutation requires no configuration beyond setting the peak current, the lead angle, and the acceleration profile, each of which is configured by an external resistor. the 180 sensorless-control scheme provides sinusoidal output voltages to the motor phases as shown in figure 3 . figure 3. 180 sensorless-control scheme interfacing to the drv10974 device is simple and intuitive. the drv10974 device receives a pwm input that it uses to control the speed of the motor. the duty cycle of the pwm input is used to determine the magnitude of the voltage applied to the motor. the resulting motor speed can be monitored on the fg pin. the fr pin is used to control the direction of rotation for the motor. the acceleration ramp rate is controlled by the rmp pin. the current limit is controlled by a resistor on the cs pin. the lead angle is controlled by a resistor on the adv pin. when the motor is not spinning, a low-power mode turns off unused circuits to conserve power. the drv10974 device features extensive protection and fault-detect mechanisms to ensure reliable operation. the device provides overcurrent protection without the requirement for an external current-sense resistor. rotor- lock detect uses several methods to reliably determine when the rotor stops spinning unexpectedly. the device provides additional protection for undervoltage lockout (uvlo), for thermal shutdown, and for phase short circuit (phase to phase, phase to ground, phase to supply).
12 drv10974 slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 www.ti.com product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated 7.2 functional block diagram 7.3 feature description 7.3.1 speed input and control the drv10974 device has a three-phase 25-khz pwm (f pwm_out ) output that has an average value of sinusoidal waveforms from phase to phase as shown in figure 4 . when any phase is measured with reference to ground, the waveform observed is a pwm-encoded sinusoid coupled with third-order harmonics as shown in figure 5 . this encoding scheme simplifies the driver requirements because one phase output is always equal to zero. gnd linear reg v cc core logic charge pump pgnd fg v1p8 vcp v cc phase v predriver v cc vcp v v cc phase w predriver v cc vcp w v cc phase u predriver v cc vcp u v cc lock overcurrent thermal cs pwm rmp copyright ? 2017, texas instruments incorporated v cc v3p3 linear reg v cc v3p3 v3p3 fr adc (3 bit) adc (4 bit) adv adc (4 bit)
13 drv10974 www.ti.com slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated feature description (continued) figure 4. sinusoidal voltage figure 5. pwm encoded phase output and the average value the output amplitude is determined by the supply voltage (v cc ) and the pwm-commanded duty cycle (pwm) as calculated in equation 1 and shown in figure 6 . the maximum amplitude is applied when the commanded pwm duty cycle is slightly less than 100% in order to keep the 25-khz pwm rate (f pwm_out ). (1) figure 6. output voltage amplitude adjustment the motor speed is controlled indirectly by using the pwm command to control the amplitude of the phase voltages which are applied to the motor. the pwm pin can be driven by either a digital duty cycle or an analog voltage. the duty cycle of the pwm input (pwm) is passed through a low-pass filter that ramps from 0% to 100% duty cycle in 120 ms. the control resolution is approximately 0.2% (dc step ). the signal path from pwm input to pwm motor is shown in figure 7 . pwm output average value u-v v-w w-u u v w sinusoidal voltage from phase to phase sinusoidal voltage from phase to gnd with 3 rd -order harmonics 100% peak output 50% peak output vm vm/2 100% pwm input 50% pwm input pk dc cc vph pwm v u
14 drv10974 slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 www.ti.com product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated figure 7. pwm command input control diagram the output peak amplitude is described by equation 1 when pwm dc > 15% (the minimum-operation duty cycle). when the pwm-commanded duty cycle is lower than the minimum-operation duty cycle and higher than 1.5% (dc on_min ), the output is controlled the by the minimum-operation duty cycle (dc min ). this is shown in figure 8 for analog input, and for duty cycles greater than 1.5% (dc on_min ) for digital input. if the supply voltage (v vcc ) > 14 v, the maximum pwm dc is limited to 14 v / v vcc . figure 8. speed-control transfer function 7.3.2 motor direction change the drv10974 device can be easily configured to drive the motor in either direction by setting the input on the fr (forward-reverse) pin to a logic 1 or logic 0 state. the direction of commutation as described by the commutation sequence is defined as follows: fr = 0 u v w fr = 1 u w v 7.3.3 motor-frequency feedback (fg) during operation of the drv10974 device, the fg pin provides an indication of the speed of the motor. the fg pin toggles at a rate of one time during an electrical cycle. using this information and the number of pole pairs in the motor, use equation 2 to calculate the mechanical speed of the motor. pwm input amplitude of output sine wave pwm output lpf pwm duty ? applied duty cycle ? 15% 15% 0 t on d 100 ns 76 511 100% 76 0 511 100% pwm mode low-power entry low-power exit t on = t (ex_lpm)
15 drv10974 www.ti.com slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated (2) during open-loop acceleration the fg pin indicates the frequency of the signal that is driving the motor. the lock condition of the motor is unknown during open-loop acceleration and therefore the fg pin could toggle during this time even though the motor is not moving. during spin down, the drv10974 device continues to provide speed feedback on the fg pin. the drv10974 device provides the output of the u-phase comparator on the fg pin until the motor speed drops below 10 hz (f fg_min ). when the motor speed falls below 10 hz, the device enters into the low-power mode and the fg output is held at a logic high. 7.3.4 lock detection when the motor is locked by some external condition the drv10974 device detects the lock condition and acts to protect the motor and the device. the lock condition must be properly detected whether the condition occurs as a result of a slowly increasing load or a sudden shock. the drv10974 device reacts to the lock condition by stopping the motor drive. to stop driving the motor, the phase outputs are placed into a high-impedance state. after successfully transitioning into a high-impedance state as the result of a lock condition, the drv10974 device attempts to restart the motor after t (lock_off) seconds. the drv10974 device has a comprehensive lock-detect function that includes six different lock-detect schemes. each of these schemes detects a particular condition of the lock as shown in figure 9 . figure 9. lock detect the following sections describe each lock-detect scheme. 7.3.4.1 lock kt measure the drv10974 device measures the actual kt of the motor when transitioning from open-loop acceleration to closed-loop acceleration. if the measured kt is less than 200 mv, the device indicates that the handoff kt level was not properly reached and the lock is triggered. 7.3.4.2 lock no motor the phase-u current is checked at the end of the align state. if the phase-u current is not greater than 50 ma, then the motor is not connected. this condition is reported as a lock condition. 7.3.4.3 lock open loop abnormal transition from open loop to closed loop is based on the estimated value of bemf. if during open-loop acceleration the electrical commutation rate exceeds 200 hz without reaching the handoff threshold, this lock is triggered. 7.3.4.4 lock bemf abnormal for any specific motor, the integrated value of bemf during half of an electrical cycle is a constant as shown by the shaded gray area in figure 10 . this value is constant regardless of whether the motor runs fast or slow. the drv10974 device monitors this value and uses it as a criterion to determine if the motor is in a lock condition. (fg) | rpm pole _ pairs u high- impedance and restart logic kt measure no motor open loop abnormal bemf abnormal closed loop abnormal speed abnormal
16 drv10974 slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 www.ti.com product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated the drv10974 device uses the integrated bemf to determine the kt value of the motor during the initial motor start. based on this measurement, a range of acceptable kt values is established. then, during closed-loop motor operation the ktc (kt calculated) value is continuously updated. finally, the ktc value is checked to see if it is within the range between ? kt and 2kt. if the ktc value goes beyond the acceptable range, a lock condition is triggered as shown in figure 11 . note, there is a blanking period of 0.3 s after the transition from open loop to closed loop where the abnormal bemf lock is momentarily disabled. the device uses this time to finalize the kt value that ktc is compared against. figure 10. bemf integration figure 11. abnormal kt lock detect 7.3.4.5 lock closed loop abnormal this lock condition is active when the drv10974 device is operating in the closed-loop mode. the motor is indicated as not moving when the closed-loop commutation period becomes lower than half the previous commutation period. this condition triggers the closed-loop abnormal-lock condition. 7.3.4.6 lock speed abnormal if the motor is in normal operation, the motor bemf is always less than the voltage applied to the phase. the sensorless-control algorithm of the drv10974 device is continuously updating the value of the motor bemf based on the speed of the motor and the motor kt as shown in figure 12 . if the calculated value for motor bemf is 1.5 times higher than the applied voltage on phase u (v u ) for an electrical period then an error is present in the system, and the calculated value for motor bemf is wrong or the motor is out of phase with the commutation logic. when this condition is detected, a lock is triggered. kt kt_high kt_low ktc lock detect time kt
17 drv10974 www.ti.com slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated figure 12. bemf monitoring 7.3.5 soft current-limit the current-limit function provides active protection for preventing damage as a result of high current. the soft current-limit does not use direct-current measurement for protection, but rather, uses the measured motor resistance (rm) and motor velocity constant (kt) to limit the voltage applied to the phase (u) such that the current does not exceed the limit value (i (limit) ). the soft current-limit scheme is shown in figure 13 based on the calculation in equation 3 . the soft current-limit is only active when in normal closed-loop mode and does not result in a fault condition nor does it result in the motor being stopped. the soft current-limit is typically useful for limiting the current that results from heavy loading during motor acceleration. the i (limit) current is configured by an external resistor (r (cs) ) as shown in table 1 . figure 13. current limit use equation 3 to calculate the i (limit) value. (3) table 1 can be used to determine the i (limit) value. (1) all resistors are 1 %. table 1. soft current-limit selections r (cs) [k ] (1) i (limit) [ma] 7.32 200 16.2 400 25.5 600 38.3 800 54.9 1000 80.6 1200 115 1400 182 1600 (1500 during align) (u)limit (limit) v speed kt i rm - = v u bemf = kt speed m rm u v if speed > kt lock is triggered v u = bemf + i rm bemf = kt speed m if v u < bemf + i (limit) rm i < i (limit) current limit: v umax = bemf + i (limit) rm rm
18 drv10974 slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 www.ti.com product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated spacer note the soft current-limit is not correct if the motor is out of phase with the commutation control logic (locked rotor). the soft current-limit is not effective under this condition. 7.3.6 short-circuit current protection the short-circuit current protection function shuts off drive to the motor by placing the motor phases into a high- impedance state if the current in any motor phase exceeds the short-circuit protection limit i (oc_limit) . the drv10974 device goes through the initialization sequence and attempts to restart the motor after the short- circuit condition is improved. this function is intended to protect the device and the motor from catastrophic failure when subjected to a short-circuit condition. 7.3.7 overtemperature protection the drv10974 device has a thermal shutdown function which disables the motor operation when the device junction temperature has exceeded the t sd temperature. motor operation resumes when the junction temperature becomes lower than t sd ? t sd(hys) . 7.3.8 undervoltage protection the drv10974 device has an undervoltage lockout feature, which prevents motor operation whenever the supply voltage (v cc ) becomes too low. upon power up, the drv10974 device operates when v cc rises above v (uvlo_f) + v hys(uvlo) . the drv10974 device continues to operate until v cc falls below v (uvlo_f) . 7.4 device functional modes 7.4.1 spin-up settings 7.4.1.1 motor start the drv10974 device starts the motor using a procedure which is shown in figure 14 .
19 drv10974 www.ti.com slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated device functional modes (continued) figure 14. drv10974 initialization and motor start-up sequence 7.4.1.2 initial speed detect every time the drv10974 device exits low-power mode, it determines if the motor is spinning using a function called initial speed detect. if the frequency on the fg pin is less than 10 hz, the motor is considered stationary. if the frequency is greater than 10 hz the motor is decelerated until it is below 10 hz or a 5-second time-out has occurred. 7.4.1.3 align to align the rotor to the commutation logic, the drv10974 device applies a current equivalent to the closed-loop run current to phase u by driving phases v and w equally. this condition is maintained for a maximum of 0.67 s (t align ). to avoid a sudden change in current that could result in undesirable acoustics, the voltage applied to the motor is changed gradually to obtain a current change of 12 a/s. 7.4.2 open-loop acceleration after the motor is confirmed to be stationary and after completing the motor initialization, the drv10974 device begins to accelerate the motor. this acceleration is accomplished by applying a voltage to the motor at the appropriate drive state and increasing the rate of commutation without regard to the actual position of the motor (referred to as open-loop operation ). the function of the open-loop operation is to drive the motor to a minimum speed so that the motor generates sufficient bemf to allow the commutation control logic to drive the motor accurately. power on (low power mode) initial speed detection / coast align f < 10hz or t > 5 s measure motor resistance open loop acceleration coast / measure kt closed loop acceleration / run pwm > 1 us y n acceleration profile from rmp pin acceleration profile from rmp pin temp < threshold-hys over temp y t = 5 s over current y t = 5 s y lock uvlo sleep n n n fr pin change
20 drv10974 slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 www.ti.com product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated device functional modes (continued) (1) all resistors are 1% (2) time to transition from 0 to 100% duty cycle. (3) time to transition from 100% to 0% duty cycle. the motor start-up profile can be configured using an external resistor to set the acceleration profile before transitioning to closed-loop operation. figure 15 shows this acceleration profile. during closed-loop operation the rmp pin controls the closed-loop acceleration and deceleration. table 2 lists the selectable acceleration parameters. table 2. acceleration profile settings rmp selection r rmp [k ] (1) accel2 [hz/s 2 ] accel1 [hz/s] closed-loop- acceleration transition time [s] (2) closed-loop- deceleration transition time [s] (3) 0 7.32 0.22 4.6 2.7 44 1 10.7 1.65 9.2 2.7 22 2 14.3 1.65 15 1 22 3 17.8 3.3 25 1 11 4 22.1 7 25 0.2 44 5 28 7 35 0.2 22 6 34 14 50 0.2 22 7 41.2 27 75 0.2 11 8 49.9 27 75 5.4 11 9 59 14 50 8 22 10 71.5 7 35 11 22 11 86.6 7 25 22 44 12 105 3.3 25 5.4 11 13 124 1.65 15 8 22 14 150 1.65 9.2 11 22 15 182 0.22 4.6 22 44 figure 15. start-up profile 7.4.3 start-up current sensing the start-up peak current is controlled by the current-sense limit resistor, r (cs) . the start current is set by selecting the r (cs) resistor based on table 3 . the current should be selected to allow the motor to accelerate reliably to the handoff threshold. heavier loads may require a higher current setting, but the rate of acceleration is limited by the selected resistor, r (rmp) . time speed open loop acceleration align time closed loop speed = accel1 x t + 0.5 x accel2 x t 2
21 drv10974 www.ti.com slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated (1) all resistors are 1%. table 3. start-up current limit r (cs) [k ] (1) i (limit) [ma] 7.32 200 16.2 400 25.5 600 38.3 800 54.9 1000 80.6 1200 115 1400 182 1600 (1500 for align) 7.4.4 closed loop when the motor accelerates to the target bemf threshold, commutation control transitions from open-loop mode to closed-loop mode. during this transition, the motor is allowed to coast for one electrical cycle to measure kt. the commutation drive sequence and timing are determined by the internal control algorithm, and the applied voltage is determined by the pwm-commanded duty-cycle input. the closed-loop acceleration and deceleration values are provided in table 2 . 7.4.5 control advance angle to achieve the best efficiency, the drive state of the motor must be controlled such that the current is aligned with the bemf voltage of the motor. figure 16 illustrates the operation when the drive angle has been optimized. for complete flexibility, the drv10974 device offers a wide range of fixed lead times. the options for lead time are controlled by a resistor on the adv pin. the values available are shown in table 4 . figure 16. drive angle adjustment u phase voltage u phase current u phase bemf ?
22 drv10974 slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 www.ti.com product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated (1) all resistors are 1%. table 4. lead time selection r adv [k ] (1) lead time [ s] 10.7 10 14.3 25 17.8 50 22.1 100 28 150 34 200 41.2 250 49.9 300 59 400 71.5 500 86.6 600 105 700 124 800 150 900 182 1000
23 drv10974 www.ti.com slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated 8 application and implementation note information in the following applications sections is not part of the ti component specification, and ti does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. ti ? s customers are responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. customers should validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality. 8.1 application information the drv10974 device is used in sensorless 3-phase bldc motor control. the driver provides a high- performance, high-reliability, flexible, and simple solution for appliance fan, pump, and blower applications. the following design shows a common application of the drv10974 device. 8.2 typical application figure 17. typical application schematic table 5. recommended external components node 1 node 2 component v cc gnd 10- f, 25-v ceramic capacitor tied from v cc to ground vcp v cc 100-nf, 10-v ceramic capacitor tied from vcp to v cc v1p8 gnd 1- f 30%, 6.3-v ceramic capacitor tied from v1p8 to ground rmp gnd 1%, 1/8 watt resistor tied from rmp to ground to set the desired acceleration profile cs gnd 1%, 1/8-watt resistor tied from cs to ground to set the desired current limit adv gnd 1%, 1/8-watt resistor tied from adv to ground to set the desired lead angle (time) 2 fr fg pwm v1p8 rmp u v w v cc vcp m fg v cc 3 4 5 6 7 8 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 gnd cs pgnd nc 100nf 10uf pwm in 7.32k 115k 1 adv gnd 16 1 f fr 59k
24 drv10974 slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 www.ti.com product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated 8.2.1 design requirements table 6 provides design input parameters and motor parameters for system design. table 6. recommend application range min nom max unit motor voltage 4.4 12 18 v bemf constant phase to center tap, measured while motor is coasting 5 150 mv/hz motor phase resistance phase to center tap 1 20 motor electrical constant 1 phase; inductance divided by resistance, measured phase to phase, yields the electrical constant for 1 phase. 100 5000 s motor winding current (rms) 1 a absolute maximum current during locked condition 2.5 a 8.2.2 detailed design procedure assuming the motor used in the application falls within the recommended application range shown in , the drv10974 device is simple and intuitive to interface with. the drv10974 device receives a pwm input that it uses to control the speed of the motor. the duty cycle of the pwm input is used to determine the magnitude of the voltage applied to the motor. the resulting motor speed can be monitored on the fg pin. the fr pin is used to control the direction of rotation for the motor. as a result, the only configuration and customization is dictated by the rmp, adv, and cs pins.. the resistor on the cs pin is usually determined by the application specifications. because the cs pin determines the current limit, specifications such as motor current or input power can determine what value the current limit can be set to. then, the rmp and adv resistors must be set experimentally through tuning. the rmp pin sets the acceleration profile of the motor. if the rmp pin is set to faster acceleration, the motor starts up faster but may be more likely to fail start-up. in addition, the adv resistor controls the lead time so the applied current is aligned with the bemf of the motor. if the adv resistor is incorrectly selected, the motor may not run efficiently or at all. as a result, the rmp pin is usually set to the slowest profile while adv is correctly tuned. then, the rmp can be set to a different value that allows for a faster acceleration with no impact to start-up reliability. this process, and other design considerations, are documented extensively in the drv10974 technical documents tab on the drv10974 product page. 8.2.3 application curves figure 18. drv10974 operation current waveform figure 19. drv10974 start-up waveform
25 drv10974 www.ti.com slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated 9 power supply recommendations the drv10974 device is designed to operate from an input voltage supply, v cc , range between 4.4 v and 18 v. the user must place a minimum of a 10- f capacitor rated for v cc between the v cc and gnd pins and as close as possible to the v cc and gnd pins. if the power supply ripple is more than 200 mv, in addition to the local decoupling capacitors, a bulk capacitance is required and must be sized according to the application requirements. 10 layout 10.1 layout guidelines ? use thick traces when routing to the v cc , gnd, u, v, and w pins, because high current passes through these traces. ? place the 10- f capacitor between v cc and gnd, and as close to the v cc and gnd pins as possible. ? place the 100-nf capacitor between vcp and v cc , and as close to the vcp and v cc pins as possible. ? connect gnd and pgnd under the thermal pad. ? keep the thermal pad connection as large as possible. it should be one piece of copper without any gaps. 10.2 layout example figure 20. layout example 16 15 14 13 1 2 3 4 5 adv fr fg pwm vcp nc gnd gnd (thermal pad) v1p8 12 gnd v cc w 6 rmp 7 gnd 11 10 vu 100 nf 10 f m 1 f m 7.32 k w 115 k w 8 9 pgnd cs 59 k w
26 drv10974 slvsdn2b ? january 2018 ? revised june 2018 www.ti.com product folder links: drv10974 submit documentation feedback copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated 11 device and documentation support 11.1 device support 11.1.1 third-party products disclaimer ti's publication of information regarding third-party products or services does not constitute an endorsement regarding the suitability of such products or services or a warranty, representation or endorsement of such products or services, either alone or in combination with any ti product or service. 11.2 receiving notification of documentation updates to receive notification of documentation updates, navigate to the device product folder on ti.com. in the upper right corner, click on alert me to register and receive a weekly digest of any product information that has changed. for change details, review the revision history included in any revised document. 11.3 community resources the following links connect to ti community resources. linked contents are provided "as is" by the respective contributors. they do not constitute ti specifications and do not necessarily reflect ti's views; see ti's terms of use . ti e2e ? online community ti's engineer-to-engineer (e2e) community. created to foster collaboration among engineers. at e2e.ti.com, you can ask questions, share knowledge, explore ideas and help solve problems with fellow engineers. design support ti's design support quickly find helpful e2e forums along with design support tools and contact information for technical support. 11.4 trademarks e2e is a trademark of texas instruments. all other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 11.5 electrostatic discharge caution this integrated circuit can be damaged by esd. texas instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. esd damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications. 11.6 glossary slyz022 ? ti glossary . this glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions. 12 mechanical, packaging, and orderable information the following pages include mechanical, packaging, and orderable information. this information is the most- current data available for the designated device. this data is subject to change without notice and without revision of this document. for browser-based versions of this data sheet, see the left-hand navigation pane.
package option addendum www.ti.com 18-jul-2018 addendum-page 1 packaging information orderable device status (1) package type package drawing pins package qty eco plan (2) lead/ball finish (6) msl peak temp (3) op temp (c) device marking (4/5) samples drv10974pwpr active htssop pwp 16 2000 green (rohs & no sb/br) cu nipdau level-3-260c-168 hr -40 to 125 10974 xdrv10974rumr active wqfn rum 16 1 tbd call ti call ti -40 to 125 (1) the marketing status values are defined as follows: active: product device recommended for new designs. lifebuy: ti has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. nrnd: not recommended for new designs. device is in production to support existing customers, but ti does not recommend using this part in a new design. preview: device has been announced but is not in production. samples may or may not be available. obsolete: ti has discontinued the production of the device. (2) rohs: ti defines "rohs" to mean semiconductor products that are compliant with the current eu rohs requirements for all 10 rohs substances, including the requirement that rohs substance do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, "rohs" products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. ti may reference these types of products as "pb-free". rohs exempt: ti defines "rohs exempt" to mean products that contain lead but are compliant with eu rohs pursuant to a specific eu rohs exemption. green: ti defines "green" to mean the content of chlorine (cl) and bromine (br) based flame retardants meet js709b low halogen requirements of <=1000ppm threshold. antimony trioxide based flame retardants must also meet the <=1000ppm threshold requirement. (3) msl, peak temp. - the moisture sensitivity level rating according to the jedec industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. (4) there may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device. (5) multiple device markings will be inside parentheses. only one device marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. if a line is indented then it is a continuation of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire device marking for that device. (6) lead/ball finish - orderable devices may have multiple material finish options. finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. lead/ball finish values may wrap to two lines if the finish value exceeds the maximum column width. important information and disclaimer: the information provided on this page represents ti's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. ti bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. ti has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. ti and ti suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus cas numbers and other limited information may not be available for release. in no event shall ti's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the ti part(s) at issue in this document sold by ti to customer on an annual basis.
tape and reel information *all dimensions are nominal device package type package drawing pins spq reel diameter (mm) reel width w1 (mm) a0 (mm) b0 (mm) k0 (mm) p1 (mm) w (mm) pin1 quadrant drv10974pwpr htssop pwp 16 2000 330.0 12.4 6.9 5.6 1.6 8.0 12.0 q1 package materials information www.ti.com 19-jun-2018 pack materials-page 1
*all dimensions are nominal device package type package drawing pins spq length (mm) width (mm) height (mm) drv10974pwpr htssop pwp 16 2000 367.0 367.0 38.0 package materials information www.ti.com 19-jun-2018 pack materials-page 2

www.ti.com package outline c 14x 0.65 2x 4.55 16x 0.30 0.19 typ 6.6 6.2 0.15 0.05 0.25 gage plane -8 0 1.2 max 3.55 2.68 2.46 1.75 b 4.5 4.3 a note 3 5.1 4.9 0.75 0.50 (0.15) typ powerpad tssop - 1.2 mm max height pwp0016j small outline package 4223595/a 03/2017 1 8 9 16 0.1 c a b pin 1 index area see detail a 0.1 c notes: 1. all linear dimensions are in millimeters. any dimensions in parenthesis are for reference only. dimensioning and tolerancing per asme y14.5m. 2. this drawing is subject to change without notice. 3. this dimension does not include mold flash, protrusions, or gate burrs. mold flash, protrusions, or gate burrs shall not exceed 0.15 mm per side. 4. reference jedec registration mo-153. seating plane tm powerpad is a trademark of texas instruments. a 20 detail a typical scale 2.500 thermal pad 1 8 9 16
www.ti.com example board layout 0.05 max all around 0.05 min all around 16x (1.5) 16x (0.45) 14x (0.65) (5.8) (r0.05) typ (3.4) note 8 (5) note 8 (1.35) typ (0.65) (1.3) typ ( 0.2) typ via (2.46) (3.55) powerpad tssop - 1.2 mm max height pwp0016j small outline package 4223595/a 03/2017 notes: (continued) 5. publication ipc-7351 may have alternate designs. 6. solder mask tolerances between and around signal pads can vary based on board fabrication site. 7. this package is designed to be soldered to a thermal pad on the board. for more information, see texas instruments literature numbers slma002 (www.ti.com/lit/slma002) and slma004 (www.ti.com/lit/slma004). 8. size of metal pad may vary due to creepage requirement. 9. vias are optional depending on application, refer to device data sheet. it is recommended that vias under paste be filled, plugged or tented. tm see details land pattern example exposed metal shown scale: 10x symm symm 1 8 9 16 metal covered by solder mask solder mask defined pad 15.000 metal solder mask opening metal under solder mask solder mask opening exposed metal exposed metal solder mask details non-solder mask defined solder mask defined
www.ti.com example stencil design 16x (1.5) 16x (0.45) 14x (0.65) (5.8) (r0.05) typ (3.55) based on 0.125 thick stencil (2.46) based on 0.125 thick stencil powerpad tssop - 1.2 mm max height pwp0016j small outline package 4223595/a 03/2017 2.08 x 3.00 0.175 2.25 x 3.24 0.15 2.46 x 3.55 (shown) 0.125 2.75 x 3.97 0.1 solder stencil opening stencil thickness notes: (continued) 10. laser cutting apertures with trapezoidal walls and rounded corners may offer better paste release. ipc-7525 may have alternate design recommendations. 11. board assembly site may have different recommendations for stencil design. tm solder paste example based on 0.125 mm thick stencil scale: 10x symm symm 1 8 9 16 metal covered by solder mask see table for different openings for other stencil thicknesses

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own risk. designers are solely responsible for compliance with all legal and regulatory requirements in connection with such selection. designer will fully indemnify ti and its representatives against any damages, costs, losses, and/or liabilities arising out of designer ? s non- compliance with the terms and provisions of this notice. mailing address: texas instruments, post office box 655303, dallas, texas 75265 copyright ? 2018, texas instruments incorporated

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